Did you know that falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries for adults aged 65 and over?
According to the CDC, 1 in 4 older adults report falling every year, but less than half tell their doctor. Also note that 95% of hip fractures are caused by falls and falling is the most common cause of traumatic brain injuries in older adults. And falling once doubles your chances of falling again.
Why are seniors at risk for falling? It depends on your risk factors. For seniors who have mobility problems, the likelihood of falling increases. The same goes for poor eyesight. Cognitive impairment and poor balance/muscle weakness also contribute to more chances of falling. Even taking multiple medications are a risk due to side effects causing dizziness etc. Incontinence issues become a risk factor if someone is rushing to get to a restroom; thus, increasing the risk of falling.
But there is good news. Falls are preventable. Although the more risk factors you have, the more likely you are to fall, you can take measures to reduce the chances of falling.
There are four steps that are recommended to prevent falls: Exercise, medication management, vision checks and home safety.
For individuals with fewer risk factors, maintaining daily physical exercise is beneficial. Walking, exercise classes, biking, tennis, golf, Tai Chi and dancing help keep joints, tendons, and ligaments flexible. For folks with more risk factors, a more structured program, perhaps with the help of medical professionals, will help focus on improving particular risk factors.
Medication use, especially taking multiple medications, can increase risk as side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness increase the likelihood of falling. It is recommended to thoroughly discuss with your physician how your medications might work together.
Booking regular eye exams is crucial for minimizing falls as our eyes change as we age, and falls are directly related to poor eyesight.
Lastly, fall-proof your home! Use assistive devices like walkers and canes. Install grab bars and shower chairs. Install railings on both sides of steps. Clutter, loose cords, and loose carpets are hazards. Bathtubs are slippery and using a stepstool is not wise. Instead, place everyday things at easy reach level. Importantly, wear proper shoes! A good pair of sneakers is always a wise choice.
And during this month of preparedness, be prepared for a fall. Keep a well-charged cordless or mobile phone with you at all times and arrange for daily contact with someone to check in if you have risk factors of falling.
The CDC has a checklist you can use to assess your risk of falling. For more information, look for the STEADI program brochure on the CDC website.
Carpe Diem!
The next Memory Café is Sept 10.